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Surgical treatment is an important part of comprehensive management for breast cancer patients. Loss of breast will bring serious psychological trauma to patients and greatly reduce the quality of life. In autologous breast reconstruction, deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap (DIEP) -a representative reconstructive technology has its incomparable advantages. The flap has sufficient blood supply. The reconstructed breast has natural contour and texture, and the complications in the donor area were quite low. It is also an important alternative to rescue the reconstructive failures. However, DIEP flap is difficult and has a long learning curve. The key technical points and difficulties not only run through the whole process of operation, but also exist before and after operation. On the basis of mastering the main concepts of DIEP, this paper would elaborate the important details in the operation process and emphasize the monitoring of skin flap after operation and the corresponding plan. This will help to better popularize the operation technique, improve the success rate of operation and patient satisfaction, while reduce operative complications and benefit more breast cancer patients.
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Objective@#To analyze the genetic characterization of 2B genotype rubella virus strains first isolated in Liaoning province.@*Methods@#Vero/Slam cells were used to isolate rubella viruses from throat swabs. Fragments of the E1 gene (739 nucleotides) were amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the PCR products were sequenced and analyzed. The phylogenetic trees were constructed with rubella 2B genotypes reference strains.@*Results@#RVi/Liaoning.CHN/13.18/1[2B] was isolateded from the case which had a history of international travel and probably imported from abroad. RVi/Liaoning.CHN/13.18/1[2B] was in the same 1ineage with RVs/Edinburgh.GBR/6.12[2B] and RVs/Kawasaki.JPN/17.11/1[2B], but far from the epidemic strains isolated in China in recent years. RVi/Liaoning.CHN/14.18/1[2B] belonged to the same lineage with rubella virus 2B genotype strains isolated in China from 2014 to 2015, and had the highest homology with RVi/Chouzhou.Anhui.CHN/17.15/2[2B] and RVi/Shaoyang.Zhejiang. CHN/13.13[2B].@*Conclusions@#It was the first time to isolate the 2B genotype rubella virus in Liaoning province and the strain belonged to different 1ineage.
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Radiofrequency ablation concomitant with open-heart procedures is one of the most common surgical methods to treat organic heart disease complicated with atrial fibrillation .However, the recurrence of atrial fibrillation still bothers both doctors and patients.There are different views on the main factors influencing the long-term effects of sinus rhythm maintenance after ablation.We reviewed past related clinical observations and researches to summarize the factors influencing recurrence of long-term atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency ablation concomitant with open-heart procedures.
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Objective@#To analyze the gene characterization on the first imported D8 genotype measles virus in Liaoning province.@*Methods@#In this study, Vero/Slam cells were used to isolate measles viruses from throat swabs. Fragments of the H gene (1854 nucleotides) and N gene (450 nucleotides) were amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the PCR products were sequenced and analyzed.@*Results@#The measles virus isolates and World Health Organization (WHO) D8 genotype reference strain (MVi/Manchester.GBR/30.94) belonged to the same branch in the genetic relationship tree. The nucleotide homology of the N and H gene was 98.9%. Phylogenetic trees were constructed with reference strains of the genotype D8 measles virus of China downloaded from GenBank. The result showed that the nucleotide similarities between the measles virus isolated in this study and the D8 genotype measles virus prevalent in Hong Kong from 2012 to 2016 and MVi/LosPatios.COL/11.18/D8 in Columbia was 100%.@*Conclusions@#It is the first time to do surveillance for the D8 genotype measles virus since measles virus surveillance was carried out. It was of great significance to accumulate the bases of measles virus molecular epidemiology in Liaoning province, and helpful to analyze and trace the transmission of measles virus in the whole country and the world.
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Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture plus thunder fire moxibustion plus deglutition training plus VitalStim electrical stimulation on patients with deglutition disorder of early stroke.Methods 80 patients with deglutition disorder of early stroke were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,40 cases in each group.The treatment group was treated with acupuncture plus thunder fire moxibustion plus deglutition training plus VitalStim electrical stimulation,while the control group was only treated with deglutition training.The therapeutic effects of all patients were assessed by using drinking experiment before therapy and twenty times after therapy. Results The total effective rate of the treatment group was 97.5%,which was significantly higher than 82.5% of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =12.50,P <0.05).Watian integration of the two groups were decreased after treatment,the difference was significant(t =5.606,9.056,all P <0.05),which of the treatment group was significantly lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(t =3.044,P <0.05). The lung infection rate and malnutrition rates in the control group were 10.0% and 20.0%,which were significantly higher than those in the treatment group(2.5% and 5.0%),the differences were statistically significance(χ2 =4.80, 10.29,all P <0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture plus thunder fire moxibustion plus deglutition training plus VitalS-tim electrical stimulation are beneficial to the recovery of swallowing functions to early swallowing disorder in patients and could avoid the incidence of aspiration pneumonia and malnutrition.
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To analyze the genetic characterization of epidemic mumps virus strains in Liaoning Province and provide the basis for mumps control. A total of 32 mumps viruses strains were isolated during 2008-2104. The fragment of SH genes and HN genes were amplified by RT-PCR, the PCR products were sequenced and analyzed. Basing on the 316 nucleotides of SH gene, The phylogenetic analyses were processed with the data of WHO mumps reference strains downloaded from GenBank and 32 mumps viruses strains. It showed that the 31 mumps virus strains belong to F genotype except MuVi/Liaoning. CHN/16.11 which was G genotype . Comparing to the A reference strains (Jeryl-Lynn and S-79), F genotype MuV were mutated on 12 amino acids sites and 27 amino acids siteson on HN gene. F genotype MuV added one N-glycosylation site in 464th-466th amino acids. The antigenic sites on HN were mutated on 121th, 123th, 279th, 287th, 336th, 356th and 442th. Maybe, it will influence the MuV antigenic.
Subject(s)
Humans , Base Sequence , China , Genotype , HN Protein , Chemistry , Genetics , Molecular Sequence Data , Mumps , Virology , Mumps virus , Chemistry , Classification , Genetics , Phylogeny , Sequence Alignment , Viral Proteins , Chemistry , GeneticsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the changes of morphological structures and biomechanical properties of scleral tissues in rabbits at different month ages. Methods The eyeballs of 1, 2 and 3 month-old New Zealand white rabbits were obtained for measuring the diameter and axial length, and the thickness of scleral tissues. Part of the scleral tissues was used to observe scleral structures with HE staining, some other part was used to observe collagen fibrils by electron microscope, and the left part were cut into strips and used to test the elastic modulus of the sclera on Instron 5544 system. Results The diameter, axial length of eyeballs and the thickness of the sclera were increased with month age. The elastic modulus of scleral tissues was also increased with month age. The numbers of scleral fibroblasts were decreased and the numbers of fiber bundles were increased with month age. The diameters of collagen fibrils were increased with month age. Conclusions In the post-embryonic stages, the structures of eyeball and sclera are changed continually, with growing numbers of thicker collagen fibers, and the biomechanical properties of scleral tissues are improved correspondingly. The mechanism of post-embryonic development in sclera is further explained in the study, which can provide theoretical guidance for prevention of sclera-related diseases.
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To wished to characterize the hemagglutinin (H) gene of the measles virus epidemic strain H1a in Liaoning Province (China) from 1997-2014 to provide a basis for the control and elimination of measles. All 63 measles virus strains were the H1a genotype. Fragments of the H gene (1854 nucleotides) and nucleoprotein (N) gene (450 nucleotides) were amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the PCR products sequenced and analyzed. Phylogenetic-trees were constructed with reference strains of the genotype-H measles virus downloaded from GenBank, including Chinese measles virus strains isolated in 1993-1994 and the vaccine reference strains S-191 and C-47. Sixty-three strains of the measles virus in 1997-2014 belonged to genotype H1a. The mean evolutionary rate for gene N-450 was higher than that for the H gene. All 63 strains of the measles virus were mutated from: serine (Ser S) to asparagine (Asn N) in the 240th amino acid; arginine (Arg R) to glycine (Gly G) in the 243th; and tyrosine (Tyr Y) to Asn N in the 481th amino acid. All measles virus strains in cluster 2 were mutated from proline (Pro P) to leucine (Leu L) in the 397th amino acid. The other neutralization sites showed no apparent difference when comparing the nucleotides/amino acids of the H gene of S191 vaccine strains.